单行函数 function_name (column|expression, [arg1, arg2,...]) t操作数据项t接收参数并返回一个值t在返回的每一行上进行处理t每一行都有一个处理结果t可能要修改数据类型t可以进行嵌套t接受多个参数，参数可以是一个列或者一个表达式 Single-Row Functions Single-row functions are used to manipulate data items. They accept one or more arguments and return one value for each row returned by the query. An argument can be one of the following: User-supplied constant Variable value Column name Expression Features of single-row functions: Act on each row returned in the query Return one result per row May return a data value of a different type than that referenced May expect one or more arguments Can be used in SELECT, WHERE, and ORDER BY clauses; can be nested In the syntax: tfunction_nametis the name of the function tcolumnttis any named database column texpressionttis any character string or calculated expression targ1, arg2ttis any argument to be used by the function