1. 取绝对值 原始:select abs(-1) value 优化:select abs(-1) value from dual
  2. 向上取整 原始:select ceiling(-1.001) value 优化:select ceil(-1.001) value from dual
  3. 向下取整 原始:select floor(-1.001) value 优化:select floor(-1.001) value from dual
  4. 截取整数部分 原始:select cast(-1.002 as int) value 优化:select trunc(-1.002) value from dual